Overview
Acronym |
Betula |
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Website | |
Investigators | |
Contacts | |
Start Year | 1988 |
End Year | 2014 |
General Design
Study Design | Cohort |
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General Information on Follow Up (profile, frequency) |
The participants were assessed at 6 different time points every 5 years: in 1988-1990, 1993-1995, 1998-2000, 2003-2005, 2008-2010 and 2013-2014. |
Recruitment Target |
|
Number of Participants |
4,425 |
Number of Participants with Biological Samples |
4,300 |
Access
Possible Access to Data |
|
Possible Access to Biosamples |
|
Other | A sub-sample of participants underwent MRI brain scanning at test wave 5 (2009-2010) and 6 (2013-2014). |
1. Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory Based on: (ZTPI) Zimbardo o. Boyds skala (Zimbardo, P., and Boyd, J. N. (1999). Used in Betula: Carelli, M. G., Wiberg, B., & Wiberg, M. (2011). Development and Construct Validation of the Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 27(4), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000076<
2. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Based on: Kroenke, K., Spitzer, RL. & Willimas, JB. (2001). The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606-613. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x Used in Betula: translated version.
3. Perceived Stress Questionnaire Based on: Levenstein S, Prantera C, Varvo V, Scribano ML, Berto E, Luzi C, Andreoli A. Development of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire: a new tool for psychosomatic research. J Psychosom Res 1993;37:19–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(93)90120-5.
Bergdahl, J., and Bergdahl, M. (2002). Perceived stress in adults: prevalence and association of depression, anxiety and medication in a Swedish population. Stress Health 18, 235–241. doi: 10.1002/smi.946 Used in Betula: translated version.
4. Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire Based on: Rosenthal, NE., Sack, DA., Gillin, JC., Lewy AJ., Goodwin, FK., Davenport, Y., Mueller, PS., Newsome, DA. & Wehr, TA. (1984). Seasonal affective disorder. A description of the syndrome and preliminary findings with light therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 41(1), 72-80. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790120076010 Used in Betula: translated version
Marker Paper
Nilsson L-G, Adolfsson R, Bäckman L, de Frias C, Molander B, Nyberg L. Betula: A Prospective Cohort Study on Memory, Health and Aging. Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition,2004; 11 (2-3), 134-148.
Supplementary Information
Nilsson, L.-Gör., Bäckman, L., Erngrund, K., et al. The Betula Prospective Cohort Study: Memory, Health, and Aging. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition,1997; 4(1), 1–32.
Study Timeline
Each colour in the timeline graph below represents a separate Study Population, while each segment in the graph represents a separate Data Collection Event. Clicking on a segment gives more detailed information on a Data Collection Event.
Populations
Betula - Cohort 1
The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 35 to 80 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.
Sources of Recruitment
General Population |
|
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Supplementary Information | Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. The study began with including 1000 randomly selected individuals from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 years. In each age group, 100 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population. |
Selection Criteria
Age | Minimum age 35, Maximum age 80 |
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Country | Sweden |
Territory | Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten |
Other | When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish. |
Sample Size
Number of Participants |
1,000 |
---|---|
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants |
T1: 1000 participants |
Data Collection Events
Name | Description | Start | End |
---|---|---|---|
Betula - Cohort 1 - T1 | At each data collection time point,... | 1988 (November) | 1991 (April) |
Betula - Cohort 1 - T2 | At Testwave 2 (T2), participants from Sample 1... | 1993 (September) | 1995 (September) |
Betula - Cohort 1 - T3 | At Testwave 3 (T3) participants from Samples... | 1998 (September) | 2001 (March) |
Betula - Cohort 1 - T4 | At Testwave 4 (T4) participants from samples... | 2003 (September) | 2005 (November) |
Betula - Cohort 1 - T5 | At T5 participants from S1 and S3 returned for... | 2008 (October) | 2010 (March) |
Betula - Cohort 1 - T6 | At Testwave 6 (T6) participants from S1, S3,... | 2013 (September) | 2014 (July) |
Betula - Cohort 2
The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 35 to 80 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.
Sources of Recruitment
General Population |
|
---|---|
Supplementary Information | Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 1000 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 years. In each age group, roughly 100 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population. |
Selection Criteria
Age | Minimum age 35, Maximum age 80 |
---|---|
Country | Sweden |
Territory | Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten |
Other | When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish. |
Sample Size
Number of Participants |
994 |
---|---|
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants |
T1: 994 participants |
Data Collection Events
Name | Description | Start | End |
---|---|---|---|
Betula - Cohort 2 - T1 | At each data collection time point,... | 1993 (September) | 1995 (September) |
Betula - Cohort 2 - T2 | At each data collection time point,... | 1998 (September) | 2001 (March) |
Betula - Cohort 3
The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 40 to 85 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.
Sources of Recruitment
General Population |
|
---|---|
Supplementary Information | Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 1000 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80 and 85 years. In each age group, roughly 100 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population. |
Selection Criteria
Age | Minimum age 40, Maximum age 84 |
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Country | Sweden |
Territory | Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten |
Other | When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish. |
Sample Size
Number of Participants |
963 |
---|---|
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants |
T1: 963 participants |
Data Collection Events
Name | Description | Start | End |
---|---|---|---|
Betula - Cohort 3 - T1 | At each data collection time point,... | 1993 (September) | 1995 (September) |
Betula - Cohort 3 - T2 | At each data collection time point,... | 1998 (September) | 2001 (March) |
Betula - Cohort 3 - T3 | At each data collection time point,... | 2003 (September) | 2005 (November) |
Betula - Cohort 3 - T4 | At each data collection time point,... | 2008 (October) | 2010 (March) |
Betula - Cohort 3 - T5 | At each data collection time point,... | 2013 (September) | 2014 (July) |
Betula - Cohort 4
The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 35 to 90 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.
Sources of Recruitment
General Population |
|
---|---|
Supplementary Information | Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 600 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 and 90 years. In each age group, roughly 50 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population. |
Selection Criteria
Age | Minimum age 35, Maximum age 90 |
---|---|
Country | Sweden |
Territory | Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten |
Other | When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish. |
Sample Size
Number of Participants |
553 |
---|---|
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants |
T1: 553 participants |
Data Collection Events
Name | Description | Start | End |
---|---|---|---|
Betula - Cohort 4 - T1 | At each data collection time point,... | 1998 (September) | 2001 (March) |
Betula - Cohort 5
The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 35 to 95 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.
Sources of Recruitment
General Population |
|
---|---|
Supplementary Information | Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 600 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 and 95 years. In each age group, roughly 45 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population |
Selection Criteria
Age | Minimum age 35, Maximum age 95 |
---|---|
Country | Sweden |
Territory | Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten |
Other | When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish. |
Sample Size
Number of Participants |
558 |
---|---|
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants |
T1: 558 participants |
Data Collection Events
Name | Description | Start | End |
---|---|---|---|
Betula - Cohort 5 - T1 | At each data collection time point,... | 2003 (September) | 2005 (November) |
Betula - Cohort 6
The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 25 to 80 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.
Sources of Recruitment
General Population |
|
---|---|
Supplementary Information | Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 360 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 years. In each age group, 30 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population. |
Selection Criteria
Age | Minimum age 25, Maximum age 80 |
---|---|
Country | Sweden |
Territory | Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten |
Other | When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish. |
Sample Size
Number of Participants |
357 |
---|---|
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants |
T1: 357 participants |
Data Collection Events
Name | Description | Start | End |
---|---|---|---|
Betula - Cohort 6 - T1 | At each data collection time point,... | 2008 (October) | 2010 (March) |
Betula - Cohort 6 - T2 | At each data collection time point,... | 2013 (September) | 2014 (July) |