Betula Study

Overview

Acronym	Betula
Website	Betula Website
Investigators	Prof. Lars Nyberg (Umeå universitet) Dr. Anna Sundström (Umeå universitet) Dr. Michael Rönnlund (Umeå universitet) Pr. Rolf Adolfsson (Umeå universitet)
Contacts	Mikael Stiernstedt (Umeå universitet)
Start Year	1988
End Year	2014

General Design

Study Design	Cohort
General Information on Follow Up (profile, frequency)	The participants were assessed at 6 different time points every 5 years: in 1988-1990, 1993-1995, 1998-2000, 2003-2005, 2008-2010 and 2013-2014.
Recruitment Target	Individuals
Number of Participants	4,425
Number of Participants with Biological Samples	4,300

Access

Yes

Not Applicable

Don't Know

General Information
Supplementary Information

Availability of data and biosamples

Possible Access to Data
Possible Access to Biosamples
Other	A sub-sample of participants underwent MRI brain scanning at test wave 5 (2009-2010) and 6 (2013-2014).

1. Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory Based on: (ZTPI) Zimbardo o. Boyds skala (Zimbardo, P., and Boyd, J. N. (1999). Used in Betula: Carelli, M. G., Wiberg, B., & Wiberg, M. (2011). Development and Construct Validation of the Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 27(4), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000076<

2. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Based on: Kroenke, K., Spitzer, RL. & Willimas, JB. (2001). The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606-613. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x Used in Betula: translated version.

3. Perceived Stress Questionnaire Based on: Levenstein S, Prantera C, Varvo V, Scribano ML, Berto E, Luzi C, Andreoli A. Development of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire: a new tool for psychosomatic research. J Psychosom Res 1993;37:19–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(93)90120-5.

Bergdahl, J., and Bergdahl, M. (2002). Perceived stress in adults: prevalence and association of depression, anxiety and medication in a Swedish population. Stress Health 18, 235–241. doi: 10.1002/smi.946 Used in Betula: translated version.

4. Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire Based on: Rosenthal, NE., Sack, DA., Gillin, JC., Lewy AJ., Goodwin, FK., Davenport, Y., Mueller, PS., Newsome, DA. & Wehr, TA. (1984). Seasonal affective disorder. A description of the syndrome and preliminary findings with light therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 41(1), 72-80. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790120076010 Used in Betula: translated version

Marker Paper

Nilsson L-G, Adolfsson R, Bäckman L, de Frias C, Molander B, Nyberg L. Betula: A Prospective Cohort Study on Memory, Health and Aging. Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition,2004; 11 (2-3), 134-148.

Supplementary Information

Nilsson, L.-Gör., Bäckman, L., Erngrund, K., et al. The Betula Prospective Cohort Study: Memory, Health, and Aging. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition,1997; 4(1), 1–32.

Study Timeline

Each colour in the timeline graph below represents a separate Study Population, while each segment in the graph represents a separate Data Collection Event. Clicking on a segment gives more detailed information on a Data Collection Event.

Populations

Betula - Cohort 1

The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 35 to 80 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Sources of Recruitment

General Population	Selected sample
Supplementary Information	Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. The study began with including 1000 randomly selected individuals from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 years. In each age group, 100 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Selection Criteria

Age	Minimum age 35, Maximum age 80
Country	Sweden
Territory	Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten
Other	When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish.

Sample Size

Number of Participants	1,000
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants	T1: 1000 participants T2: 875 participants T3: 729 participants T4: 591 participants T5: 403 participants T6: 249 participants

Data Collection Events

Name	Description	Start	End
Betula - Cohort 1 - T1	At each data collection time point,...	1988 (November)	1991 (April)
Betula - Cohort 1 - T2	At Testwave 2 (T2), participants from Sample 1...	1993 (September)	1995 (September)
Betula - Cohort 1 - T3	At Testwave 3 (T3) participants from Samples...	1998 (September)	2001 (March)
Betula - Cohort 1 - T4	At Testwave 4 (T4) participants from samples...	2003 (September)	2005 (November)
Betula - Cohort 1 - T5	At T5 participants from S1 and S3 returned for...	2008 (October)	2010 (March)
Betula - Cohort 1 - T6	At Testwave 6 (T6) participants from S1, S3,...	2013 (September)	2014 (July)

Betula - Cohort 2

Sources of Recruitment

General Population	Selected sample
Supplementary Information	Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 1000 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 years. In each age group, roughly 100 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Selection Criteria

Age	Minimum age 35, Maximum age 80
Country	Sweden
Territory	Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten
Other	When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish.

Sample Size

Number of Participants	994
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants	T1: 994 participants T2: 681 participants

Data Collection Events

Name	Description	Start	End
Betula - Cohort 2 - T1	At each data collection time point,...	1993 (September)	1995 (September)
Betula - Cohort 2 - T2	At each data collection time point,...	1998 (September)	2001 (March)

Betula - Cohort 3

The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 40 to 85 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Sources of Recruitment

General Population	Selected sample
Supplementary Information	Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 1000 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80 and 85 years. In each age group, roughly 100 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Selection Criteria

Age	Minimum age 40, Maximum age 84
Country	Sweden
Territory	Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten
Other	When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish.

Sample Size

Number of Participants	963
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants	T1: 963 participants T2: 826 participants T3: 689 participants T4: 440 participants T5: 259 participants

Data Collection Events

Name	Description	Start	End
Betula - Cohort 3 - T1	At each data collection time point,...	1993 (September)	1995 (September)
Betula - Cohort 3 - T2	At each data collection time point,...	1998 (September)	2001 (March)
Betula - Cohort 3 - T3	At each data collection time point,...	2003 (September)	2005 (November)
Betula - Cohort 3 - T4	At each data collection time point,...	2008 (October)	2010 (March)
Betula - Cohort 3 - T5	At each data collection time point,...	2013 (September)	2014 (July)

Betula - Cohort 4

The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 35 to 90 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Sources of Recruitment

General Population	Selected sample
Supplementary Information	Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 600 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85 and 90 years. In each age group, roughly 50 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Selection Criteria

Age	Minimum age 35, Maximum age 90
Country	Sweden
Territory	Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten
Other	When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish.

Sample Size

Number of Participants	553
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants	T1: 553 participants

Data Collection Events

Name	Description	Start	End
Betula - Cohort 4 - T1	At each data collection time point,...	1998 (September)	2001 (March)

Betula - Cohort 5

The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 35 to 95 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Sources of Recruitment

General Population	Selected sample
Supplementary Information	Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 600 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 and 95 years. In each age group, roughly 45 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population

Selection Criteria

Age	Minimum age 35, Maximum age 95
Country	Sweden
Territory	Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten
Other	When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish.

Sample Size

Number of Participants	558
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants	T1: 558 participants

Data Collection Events

Name	Description	Start	End
Betula - Cohort 5 - T1	At each data collection time point,...	2003 (September)	2005 (November)

Betula - Cohort 6

The population consists of randomly selected individuals aged from 25 to 80 years, from the municipality of Umeå, northern Sweden. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Sources of Recruitment

General Population	Selected sample
Supplementary Information	Recruitment of participants was done by randomly obtaining names from the population registry in Umeå, Sweden. At inclusion, close to 360 randomly selected individuals were recruited from the Umeå municipality in the age groups 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 years. In each age group, 30 participants were selected. The gender distribution at inclusion was aimed to reflect the proportion of males and females in each age cohort of the general population.

Selection Criteria

Age	Minimum age 25, Maximum age 80
Country	Sweden
Territory	Municipality of Umeå, Västerbotten
Other	When participants entered the study, they were excluded if they had a severe visual or auditory disability, intellectual disability, dementia or a native language other than Swedish.

Sample Size

Number of Participants	357
Supplementary Information about Number of Participants	T1: 357 participants T2: 66 participants

Data Collection Events

Name	Description	Start	End
Betula - Cohort 6 - T1	At each data collection time point,...	2008 (October)	2010 (March)
Betula - Cohort 6 - T2	At each data collection time point,...	2013 (September)	2014 (July)

Variables classifications

Email	lars.nyberg@umu.se
Phone	+46 70 609 27 75
Institution	Umeå universitet Department of Integrative Medical Biology
Address	3A, 2tr, Norrlands universitetssjukhus Umeå 901 87 Sweden

Email	anna.sundstrom@umu.se
Phone	+46 90 786 61 39
Institution	Umeå universitet Department of Psychology
Address	Norra Beteendevetarhuset, 4 tr Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden

Email	michael.ronnlund@umu.se
Phone	+46-90-786-76-13
Institution	Umeå universitet Department of Psychology
Address	Hus Y Beteendevetarhuset, Vindarnas torg, Mediagränd 14, room B-112 Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden

Email	rolf.adolfsson@umu.se
Phone	+46-90-786-69-63
Institution	Umeå universitet Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry unit
Address	23, vån 5, NUS, Psykiatriska kliniken Umeå SE-901 87 Sweden

Email	mikael.stiernstedt@umu.se
Phone	+46 90 786 50 67
Institution	Umeå universitet Department of Integrative Medical Biology (IMB)
Address	Umeå 901 87 Sweden

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@dce-end-year-title	@dce-end-year
@data-sources-title	@data-sources-list
@bio-samples-title	@bio-samples-list
@admin-databases-title	@admin-databases-list

Overview

General Design

Access

Marker Paper

Supplementary Information

Study Timeline

Populations

Betula - Cohort 1

Sources of Recruitment

Selection Criteria

Sample Size

Data Collection Events

Betula - Cohort 2

Sources of Recruitment

Selection Criteria

Sample Size

Data Collection Events

Betula - Cohort 3

Sources of Recruitment

Selection Criteria

Sample Size

Data Collection Events

Betula - Cohort 4

Sources of Recruitment

Selection Criteria

Sample Size

Data Collection Events

Betula - Cohort 5

Sources of Recruitment

Selection Criteria

Sample Size

Data Collection Events

Betula - Cohort 6

Sources of Recruitment

Selection Criteria

Sample Size

Data Collection Events

Variables classifications

Prof. Lars Nyberg

Dr. Anna Sundström

Dr. Michael Rönnlund

Pr. Rolf Adolfsson

Mikael Stiernstedt

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