Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study
The Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study aimed to test the hypothesis that 240 mg of ginkgo biloba daily would decrease the incidence of all-cause dementia and specifically reduce the incidence of Alzheimer's disease.
Secondary objectives of the GEM study were to evaluate the effect of ginkgo biloba on the following end points: overall cognitive decline, functional disability, total mortality, and incidence of cardiovascular diseases.
Overview
- Acronym
- GEMS
- Website
- GEMS
- Investigators
-
- Contacts
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General Design
- Study design
- Clinical trial
- Start - End Year
- 2000 - 2008
- General Information on Follow Up (profile, frequency)
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Participants were followed-up every six months.
- Recruitment Target
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- Individuals
- Number of Participants
- 3,069
- Number of Participants with Biological Samples
- 3,069
- Supplementary Information
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The GEM study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial.
Access
Availability of data and biosamples
| Possible Access to Data | |
| Possible Access to Biosamples | |
| Other |
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Marker Paper
DeKosky S, Fitzpatrick A, Ives D, et al. The Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM) study: design and baseline data of a randomized trial of Ginkgo biloba extract in prevention of dementia. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 2006; 27: 238-253
PUBMED 16627007Timeline
Populations
GEMS - Ginkgo biloba
The randomized ginkgo biloba group (240 mg/day) consisted of normal or mildly cognitively impaired elderly, aged between 75 and 96 years, and living in 4 United States communities.
Selection Criteria
- Minimum age
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75
- Maximum age
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96
- Countries
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- United States of America
- Territory
- Hagerstown, Pittsburgh, Winston-Salem/Greensboro, and Sacramento
- Other Criteria
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Exclusion criteria:
- Having a neurological or neurodegenerative disease;
- Carrying a higher risk of dementia;
- Being on cognitive enhancers or treatments for AD;
- Not agreeing to restrict the vitamin E intake;
- Using over-the-counter ginkgo biloba;
- Having bleeding disorders, thrombocytopenia, taking anticoagulants or other similar risks.
Sample Size
- Number of Participants
- 1,545
- Number of Participants with Biological Samples
- 1,545
Data Collection Events
| # | Name | Data sources | Data sources - Biosamples | Start | End |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | GEMS - Baseline |
|
|
2000 (September) | 2002 (June) |
| 1 | GEMS - Follow-up |
|
|
2001 (March) | 2008 (April) |
GEMS - Placebo
The randomized placebo group consisted of normal or mildly cognitively impaired elderly, aged between 75 and 96 years, and living in 4 United States communities.
Selection Criteria
- Minimum age
-
75
- Maximum age
-
96
- Countries
-
- United States of America
- Territory
- Hagerstown, Pittsburgh, Winston-Salem/Greensboro, and Sacramento
- Other Criteria
-
Exclusion criteria:
- Having a neurological or neurodegenerative disease;
- Carrying a higher risk of dementia;
- Being on cognitive enhancers or treatments for AD;
- Not agreeing to restrict the vitamin E intake;
- Using over-the-counter ginkgo biloba;
- Having bleeding disorders, thrombocytopenia, taking anticoagulants or other similar risks.
Sample Size
- Number of Participants
- 1,524
- Number of Participants with Biological Samples
- 1,524
Data Collection Events
| # | Name | Data sources | Data sources - Biosamples | Start | End |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | GEMS - Baseline |
|
|
2000 (September) | 2002 (June) |
| 1 | GEMS - Follow-up |
|
|
2001 (March) | 2008 (April) |
Participating Studies
| Acronym | Name | Study design | Countries |
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Harmonization Initiatives Included
| Acronym | Name |
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Datasets
| Name | Data Collection Events | Variables |
|---|
Areas of Information Collected
- Socio-demographic and economic characteristics
- Death
- Lifestyle and behaviours
- Physical measures and assessments
- Birth, pregnancy and reproductive health history
- Laboratory measures
- Perception of health, quality of life, development and functional limitations
- Cognition, personality and psychological measures and assessments
- Diseases
- Life events, life plans, beliefs and values
- Symptoms and signs
- Preschool, school and work life
- Medication and supplements
- Social environment and relationships
- Non-pharmacological interventions
- Physical environment
- Health and community care services utilization
- Administrative information
Variables Content Summary
Areas of Information Collected
No Areas of Information Collected
No Scales Collected
Areas of Information Collected per per Population and Data Collection Event
No Areas of Information Collected
No Scales Collected
Networks
| Acronym | Name | Harmonization Initiatives | Individual Studies |
|---|
Last Update: 2023-08-10T18:19:16.079